3. Booting Into FreeNAS®¶

Enter an option from 1-14: 1
1) em0
Select an interface (q to quit): 1
Delete existing config? (y/n) n
Configure interface for DHCP? (y/n) n
Configure IPv4? (y/n) y
Interface name: (press enter as can be blank)
Several input formats are supported
Example 1 CIDR Notation: 192.168.1.1/24
Example 2 IP and Netmask separate:
IP: 192.168.1.1
Netmask: 255.255.255.0, or /24 or 24
IPv4 Address: 192.168.1.108/24
Saving interface configuration: Ok
Configure IPv6? (y/n) n
Restarting network: ok
You may try the following URLs to access the web user interface:
http://192.168.1.108

3.1. Initial Configuration Wizard¶

A configuration wizard automatically starts the first time the FreeNAS® GUI is accessed. This wizard walks you through the steps needed to quickly configure FreeNAS® to start serving data over a network. This section describes these configuration steps. If you wish to use the wizard again after the initial configuration, click the Wizard icon.

Figure 3.1.1 shows the first wizard configuration screen.

This screen can be used to change the default language, keyboard map, and timezone. After making your selections, click Next. The next screen depends on whether or not the storage disks have already been formatted into a ZFS pool.

Figure 3.1.2 shows the configuration screen that appears if the storage disks have not yet been formatted.

Enter a name for the ZFS pool that conforms to these naming conventions. It is recommended to choose a name that will stick out in the logs (e.g. not data or freenas).

Decide if the pool should provide disk redundancy, and if so, which type. The ZFS Primer discusses RAIDZ redundancy in more detail. If you prefer to make a more complex configuration, click the Exit button to close the wizard and instead use Volume Manager.

These redundancy types are available:

• Automatic: automatically creates a mirrored, RAIDZ1, or RAIDZ2 pool, depending upon the number of disks. If you prefer to control the type of redundancy, select one of the other options.
• RAID 10: creates a striped mirror and requires a minimum of 4 disks.
• RAIDZ2: requires a minimum of 4 disks. Up to 2 disks can fail without data loss.
• RAIDZ1: requires a minimum of 3 disks. Up to 1 disk can fail without data loss.
• Stripe: requires a minimum of 1 disk. Provides no redundancy, meaning if any of the disks in the stripe fails, all data in the stripe is lost.

Once you have made your selection, click Next to continue.

If the disks have already been formatted with ZFS and the disks have not been encrypted, the next screen will instead prompt to import the volume, as shown in Figure 3.1.3.

Select the existing volume from the drop-down menu and click Next to continue.

The next screen in the wizard is shown in Figure 3.1.4.

If the FreeNAS® system is on a network that does not contain an Active Directory, LDAP, NIS, or NT4 server, click Next to skip to the next screen.

However, if the FreeNAS® system is on a network containing an Active Directory, LDAP, NIS, or NT4 server and you wish to import the users and groups from that server, select the type of directory service in the Directory Service drop-down menu. The rest of the fields in this screen will vary, depending upon which directory service is selected. Available configuration options for each directory service are summarized in Tables 3.1.1 through 3.1.4.

Table 3.1.1 Active Directory Options¶

Setting	Value	Description
Domain Name	string	name of Active Directory domain (e.g. example.com) or child domain (e.g. sales.example.com)
Domain Account Name	string	name of the Active Directory administrator account
Domain Account Password	string	password for the Active Directory administrator account

Table 3.1.2 LDAP Options¶

Setting	Value	Description
Hostname	string	hostname or IP address of LDAP server
Base DN	string	top level of the LDAP directory tree to be used when searching for resources (e.g. dc=test,dc=org)
Bind DN	string	name of administrative account on LDAP server (e.g. cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=org)
Base password	string	password for

Table 3.1.3 NIS Options¶

Setting	Value	Description
NIS domain	string	name of NIS domain
NIS servers	string	comma delimited list of hostnames or IP addresses
Secure mode	checkbox	if checked, ypbind(8) will refuse to bind to any NIS server that is not running as root on a TCP port number over 1024
Manycast	checkbox	if checked, ypbind will bind to the server that responds the fastest; this is useful when no local NIS server is available on the same subnet

Table 3.1.4 NT4 Options¶

Setting	Value	Description
Domain Controller	string	hostname of domain controller
NetBIOS Name	string	hostname of FreeNAS® system; cannot be greater than 15 characters or the same as the Workgroup Name
Workgroup Name	string	name of Windows server’s workgroup
Administrator Name	string	name of the domain administrator account
Administrator Password	string	input and confirm the password for the domain administrator account

The next configuration screen, shown in Figure 3.1.5, is used to create network shares.

FreeNAS® supports several types of shares for providing storage data to the clients in a network. The initial wizard can be used to quickly make shares using default permissions which should “just work” for common scenarios. For more complex scenarios, refer to the section on Sharing.

To create a share using the wizard, enter a name for the share, then select the Purpose of the share:

• Windows (SMB): this type of share can be accessed by any operating system using a SMB client. Check the box for Allow Guest to allow users to access the share without a password. SMB shares created with the wizard can be fine-tuned afterward with Windows (SMB) Shares.
• Mac OS X (AFP): this type of share can be accessed by Mac OS X users. Check the box for Time Machine if Mac users will be using the FreeNAS® system as a backup device. AFP shares created with the wizard can be fine-tuned afterward with Apple (AFP) Shares.
• Generic Unix (NFS): this type of share can be accessed by any operating system using a NFS client. NFS shares created using the wizard can be fine-tuned afterward with Unix (NFS) Shares.
• Block Storage (iSCSI): this type of share can be accessed by any operating system using iSCSI initiator software. Enter the size of the block storage to create in the format 20G (for 20 GB). iSCSI shares created with the wizard can be fine-tuned afterward with iSCSI.

After selecting the Purpose, click the Ownership button to see the screen shown in Figure 3.1.6.

The default permissions for the share are displayed. To create a user or group, enter the desired name, then check the Create User box to create that user and the Create Group box to create the group. Check or uncheck the boxes in the Mode section to set the initial access permissions for the share. When finished, click the Return button to return to the share creation screen. Click the Add button to finish creating that share, which will then appear in the Name frame.

The Delete button can be used to remove the share highlighted in the Name frame. To edit a share, highlight it, make the change, then press the Update button.

When finished making shares, click the Next button to advance to the screen shown in Figure 3.1.7.

This screen can be used to configure these settings:

• Console messages: check this box if you would like to view system messages at the bottom of the graphical administrative interface. This can be handy when troubleshooting a service that will not start. When using the console message view, if you click the console messages area, it will pop-up as a window, allowing you to scroll through the output and to copy its contents.
• Root E-mail: FreeNAS® provides an “Alert” icon in the upper right corner to provide a visual indication of events that warrant administrative attention. The alert system automatically emails the root user account whenever an alert is issued. It is important to enter the email address of the person to receive these alerts and other administrative emails. The rest of the email settings in this screen should also be reviewed and edited as necessary. Before leaving this screen, click the “Send Test Mail” button to ensure that email notifications are working correctly.
• From email: the from email address to use when sending email notifications.
• Outgoing mail server: hostname or IP address of SMTP server.
• Port to connect to: port number used by the SMTP server.
• TLS/SSL: encryption type used by the SMTP server.
• Use SMTP Authentication: check this box if the SMTP server requires authentication.
• Username: enter the username if the SMTP server requires authentication.
• Password: enter the password if the SMTP server requires authentication.

When finished, click Next. A message will indicate that the wizard is ready to perform all of the saved actions. To make changes, click the Return to Wizard button to review your edits. If you click the Exit without saving button, none of your selections will be saved. To save your edits, click the Confirm button. A status bar will indicate when the wizard has completed applying the new settings.

In addition to the settings that you specify, the wizard will automatically enable S.M.A.R.T. Tests, create a boot environment, and add the new boot environment to the boot menu. If you also wish to save a backup of the configuration database to the system being used to access the administrative graphical interface, go to System → General, click the Save Config button, and browse to the directory where the configuration will be saved. Always back up your configuration after making any configuration changes.

The rest of this Guide describes the FreeNAS® graphical interface in more detail. The layout of this Guide follows the order of the menu items in the tree located in the left frame of the graphical interface.